Water Softener Research Needs: Workshop Proceedings

WERF, in partnership with the U.S. EPA, the National Onsite Wastewater Recycling Association (NOWRA), the Water Quality Association (WQA), the Coalition of Alternative Wastewater Treatment, the National Association of Wastewater Transporters, and other stakeholders, sponsored a workshop to set forth the research needs of the water softener and onsite systems industry. The workshop identified technical issues and needed research centered on wastewater influent and effluent characteristics; sedimentation and stratification in septic tanks; onsite systems with and without softeners; effects on septic tank effluents; and soil plugging and permeability issues. This report summarizes the proceedings of the workshop including the priorities identified by the participants and details information that should be considered in developing these concepts and issuing requests for proposals. Published by WERF. 243 pages. Online PDF. (2011)

Originally funded as WERF project DEC2W09.