Project 709
Impacts of Ozonation on the Formation of Chlorination and Chloramination By-Products
$377,960
Principal Investigator
Philip Singer
Project Manager
Jeffrey L Oxenford
Contractor
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Abstract
Evaluates the formation of halogenated and non-halogenated disinfection by-products (DBPs) resulting from (1) ozonation followed by chlorination/chloramination, (2) ozonation followed by coagulation and chlorination/chloramination, and (3) ozonation of prechlorinated/prechloraminated water. Based on laboratory-scale studies, presents kinetic models for the formation of DBPs from these various approaches. Reports on verification of the models at several utilities using pilot- and full-scale ozonation and chlorination/chloramination. Published in 1999.
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