Evaluation and Management of PFAS-Enriched Solids Dewatering Streams

This project aims to evaluate and quantify the enrichment of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in solids dewatering streams at water resource recovery facilities (WRRFs). Building on findings from WRF 5031, the research investigates how PFAS precursors transform during anaerobic digestion and how these processes contribute to elevated PFAS levels in dewatering sidestreams. Sampling and advanced PFAS analysis will be conducted at six WRRFs to identify key mechanisms and hotspots of PFAS accumulation. The project will also explore preliminary management and treatment strategies, including foam fractionation and filtration, to mitigate PFAS recycling within WRRFs. Results will provide practical guidance to utilities seeking cost-effective approaches to reduce PFAS discharges.